{
  "comparison": "MP2019 (Dec 2019) vs MP2025 (Dec 2025)",
  "retrieved": "2026-09-28",
  "source_counts": {
    "2019": 113212,
    "2025": 113394
  },
  "repaired_geometries": {
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    "2025": 3
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  "fragments": 4793,
  "unique_old_polygons": 3055,
  "unique_new_polygons": 2521,
  "changed_hectares": 4883.530946,
  "categories": {
    "Land use change": 3973,
    "GPR code change": 457,
    "GPR increase": 209,
    "GPR decrease": 154
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  "category_hectares": {
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    "GPR code change": 701.389431,
    "GPR increase": 379.338342,
    "GPR decrease": 132.53481299999999
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  "excluded": {
    "Under 100 sqm": 13755,
    "Under 100 sqm sqm": 145941.95165312773,
    "Under 2% of smaller source polygon": 1115,
    "Under 2% of smaller source polygon sqm": 374681.5203352133,
    "No interior after 1m erosion": 132,
    "No interior after 1m erosion sqm": 26863.69437736259
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  "common_coverage_hectares": 78482.37068296166,
  "coverage_difference_hectares": {
    "2019 only": 3.4287,
    "2025 only": 1212.2433999999998
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  "source_overlap_warning_sqm": {
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    "2025": 58419.53435024834
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  "by_area": {
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      "hectares": 263.7285,
      "Land use change": 113,
      "GPR code change": 17,
      "GPR increase": 8
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      "hectares": 40.3328,
      "Land use change": 73,
      "GPR increase": 4,
      "GPR code change": 5,
      "GPR decrease": 4
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    "Singapore River": {
      "fragments": 20,
      "hectares": 1.9161999999999997,
      "Land use change": 16,
      "GPR code change": 4
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    "Marina East": {
      "fragments": 22,
      "hectares": 59.477199999999996,
      "Land use change": 22
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    "Sungei Kadut": {
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      "hectares": 532.9672000000004,
      "GPR code change": 238,
      "Land use change": 589,
      "GPR decrease": 119,
      "GPR increase": 1
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    "Bukit Timah": {
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      "hectares": 185.68080000000006,
      "Land use change": 83,
      "GPR code change": 23,
      "GPR increase": 5
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      "hectares": 213.42599999999996,
      "Land use change": 264,
      "GPR increase": 18,
      "GPR decrease": 1,
      "GPR code change": 22
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    "Woodlands": {
      "fragments": 200,
      "hectares": 183.7024,
      "Land use change": 185,
      "GPR code change": 10,
      "GPR increase": 5
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    "Bukit Merah": {
      "fragments": 105,
      "hectares": 261.40700000000004,
      "Land use change": 84,
      "GPR increase": 10,
      "GPR code change": 11
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    "Newton": {
      "fragments": 92,
      "hectares": 23.3171,
      "Land use change": 90,
      "GPR increase": 2
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    "Serangoon": {
      "fragments": 73,
      "hectares": 11.044999999999998,
      "Land use change": 71,
      "GPR code change": 2
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    "Geylang": {
      "fragments": 214,
      "hectares": 94.01959999999988,
      "Land use change": 204,
      "GPR code change": 5,
      "GPR decrease": 1,
      "GPR increase": 4
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    "Hougang": {
      "fragments": 105,
      "hectares": 118.64600000000004,
      "Land use change": 99,
      "GPR decrease": 4,
      "GPR code change": 1,
      "GPR increase": 1
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    "Pasir Ris": {
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      "hectares": 88.75930000000001,
      "Land use change": 71,
      "GPR increase": 5,
      "GPR decrease": 4,
      "GPR code change": 6
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    "Kallang": {
      "fragments": 134,
      "hectares": 63.46780000000001,
      "Land use change": 110,
      "GPR increase": 20,
      "GPR decrease": 1,
      "GPR code change": 3
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    "Outram": {
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      "hectares": 15.907899999999998,
      "Land use change": 57,
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      "GPR decrease": 1,
      "GPR increase": 2
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    "Rochor": {
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      "Land use change": 16,
      "GPR code change": 4,
      "GPR increase": 3
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    "Museum": {
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      "hectares": 4.1511,
      "Land use change": 11
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      "GPR increase": 7,
      "GPR decrease": 2,
      "GPR code change": 4
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    "Tampines": {
      "fragments": 202,
      "hectares": 80.02089999999998,
      "Land use change": 196,
      "GPR code change": 2,
      "GPR decrease": 3,
      "GPR increase": 1
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    "Marina South": {
      "fragments": 46,
      "hectares": 23.31099999999999,
      "Land use change": 36,
      "GPR increase": 6,
      "GPR decrease": 4
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      "hectares": 67.68089999999998,
      "Land use change": 103,
      "GPR increase": 11,
      "GPR code change": 3,
      "GPR decrease": 2
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      "fragments": 18,
      "hectares": 770.6253999999999,
      "Land use change": 13,
      "GPR code change": 4,
      "GPR increase": 1
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    "Marine Parade": {
      "fragments": 30,
      "hectares": 9.5337,
      "Land use change": 30
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    "Ang Mo Kio": {
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      "hectares": 84.1377,
      "Land use change": 76,
      "GPR code change": 6,
      "GPR decrease": 1,
      "GPR increase": 4
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    "Downtown Core": {
      "fragments": 86,
      "hectares": 11.5166,
      "Land use change": 86
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    "Lim Chu Kang": {
      "fragments": 23,
      "hectares": 152.8552,
      "Land use change": 23
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    "Southern Islands": {
      "fragments": 19,
      "hectares": 10.4272,
      "Land use change": 19
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      "hectares": 52.004000000000005,
      "Land use change": 51,
      "GPR increase": 4,
      "GPR code change": 5
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    "Punggol": {
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      "hectares": 11.679699999999995,
      "Land use change": 53,
      "GPR increase": 2
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    "Seletar": {
      "fragments": 24,
      "hectares": 102.8019,
      "Land use change": 24
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    "Novena": {
      "fragments": 36,
      "hectares": 43.11740000000001,
      "Land use change": 28,
      "GPR code change": 8
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    "Changi": {
      "fragments": 66,
      "hectares": 182.32019999999991,
      "Land use change": 64,
      "GPR code change": 2
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    "Sembawang": {
      "fragments": 69,
      "hectares": 76.10630000000002,
      "GPR code change": 9,
      "Land use change": 50,
      "GPR increase": 10
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    "Orchard": {
      "fragments": 16,
      "hectares": 3.2829,
      "Land use change": 14,
      "GPR code change": 2
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    "Tanglin": {
      "fragments": 11,
      "hectares": 6.6189,
      "Land use change": 9,
      "GPR code change": 2
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    "Choa Chu Kang": {
      "fragments": 83,
      "hectares": 30.256300000000003,
      "Land use change": 77,
      "GPR increase": 1,
      "GPR code change": 5
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    "Jurong West": {
      "fragments": 120,
      "hectares": 55.852799999999995,
      "GPR increase": 9,
      "Land use change": 108,
      "GPR code change": 3
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    "Mandai": {
      "fragments": 11,
      "hectares": 9.6494,
      "GPR code change": 1,
      "Land use change": 10
    },
    "North-Eastern Islands": {
      "fragments": 1,
      "hectares": 4.8,
      "Land use change": 1
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    "River Valley": {
      "fragments": 33,
      "hectares": 8.4733,
      "Land use change": 33
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    "Jurong East": {
      "fragments": 132,
      "hectares": 129.04559999999995,
      "Land use change": 117,
      "GPR increase": 4,
      "GPR code change": 11
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    "Tengah": {
      "fragments": 131,
      "hectares": 70.64370000000002,
      "Land use change": 122,
      "GPR increase": 9
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      "fragments": 23,
      "hectares": 29.7031,
      "Land use change": 20,
      "GPR increase": 3
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    "Simpang": {
      "fragments": 4,
      "hectares": 6.5165,
      "Land use change": 4
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    "Tuas": {
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      "hectares": 216.38750000000002,
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      "Land use change": 66,
      "GPR code change": 16,
      "GPR decrease": 3
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    "Pioneer": {
      "fragments": 13,
      "hectares": 69.01790000000001,
      "GPR increase": 5,
      "Land use change": 8
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      "GPR increase": 2
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      "hectares": 25.6648,
      "Land use change": 69,
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      "GPR increase": 1,
      "GPR decrease": 2
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    "Clementi": {
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      "hectares": 78.94620000000003,
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      "GPR increase": 5
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    "Western Water Catchment": {
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      "hectares": 88.9874,
      "Land use change": 44
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    "Boon Lay": {
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      "hectares": 140.17130000000006,
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      "GPR decrease": 2,
      "GPR code change": 1
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    "Straits View": {
      "fragments": 3,
      "hectares": 1.4743000000000002,
      "Land use change": 3
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    "Central Water Catchment": {
      "fragments": 2,
      "hectares": 2.8023000000000002,
      "Land use change": 2
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    "Changi Bay": {
      "fragments": 1,
      "hectares": 0.0193,
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    "minimum_smaller_polygon_share": 0.02,
    "interior_erosion_m": 1,
    "display_simplification_m": 1
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